Dear Colleagues, (01)
Just for the purposes of illustrating there is another way of looking
at things which some of us prefer. Here is what ISO 15926 would make
of these statements. (02)
Regards (03)
Matthew West
Reference Data Architecture and Standards Manager
Shell International Petroleum Company Limited
Shell Centre, London SE1 7NA, United Kingdom (04)
Tel: +44 20 7934 4490 Mobile: +44 7796 336538
Email: matthew.west@xxxxxxxxx
http://www.shell.com
http://www.matthew-west.org.uk/ (05)
> -----Original Message-----
> From: ontac-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx
> [mailto:ontac-forum-bounces@xxxxxxxxxxxxxx]On Behalf Of Smith, Barry
> Sent: 11 January 2006 22:13
> To: ONTAC-WG General Discussion
> Subject: Re: [ontac-forum] Re: The world may fundamentally be
> inexplicable
>
>
>
> >
> >How do you express:
> > "Fido is a dog."
>
> Fido instance_of dog
>
> 'Fido' names an independent continuant (particular)
> 'dog' names a type (universal, kind ...) (06)
MW: Fido classified_as dog (07)
MW: Fido names a possible_individual (spatio-temporal extent) (we do
not know from the context whether or not it is an actual_individual, i.e.
part of our world, or hypothetical, i.e. part of some other possible_world). (08)
MW: Fido is both a physical_object and an activity (living process). (09)
MW: Dog names a class (universal, kind ...) (But of course the members are
different from Barry's).
>
>
>
> > "All dogs are animals."
>
> for all x, if x instance_of dog then x instance_of animal
>
> for short:
> dog is_a animal (010)
MW: Agreed (but remembering there are two "dog"s).
>
>
> > "Dog is a ..." (if that's even allowed)
>
> In BFO we pass over the issue of second-order universals for the
> immediate future. (011)
MW: Dog instance_of class_of_organism (012)
MW: Being a data model, ISO 15926 has entity types that have instances,
hence instance_of here rather than classified_by elswhere.
Classified_by is used when both the class and its member are instances
of entity types. This is just an artefact of the representation formalism.
There is no ontological difference between instance_of and classified_by.
>
> Some more:
> Fido is sleeping
>
> There is some x, Fido agent_of x and x instance_of sleeping event
> (occurrent particular) (013)
MW: There is some x that is a state (temporal part of) fido. (014)
MW: x classified_as sleeping
>
> sleeping is a process
>
> sleeping is_a process (occurrent) (015)
MW: sleeping is_a(n) activity (016)
MW: sleeping instance_of class_of_activity (017)
MW: I anticipate activity and process are synonyms under their
intended meaning here, though again, since the members seem to be distinct
they are somehow the same but different. (I don't think Barry would allow
that the sleeping process is a temporal part of Fido as a physical object,
though he would probably allow a second Fido Living Process that would relate,
but would not be a physical object as an ISO 15926 Fido would be).
>
> For more see http://genomebiology.com/2005/6/5/R46
>
> BS
>
>
>
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